Linux Foundation to Host Open Encryption Project
Posted on April 9, 2015 by Kara Dunlap in Security
Linux Foundation to Host Let’s Encrypt, Project to Bring Free SSL Certs to Websites
An Internet where most websites use security certificates and encrypt data by default is no longer just a dream. A consortium of Internet and technology companies and organizations are banding together to make it easier for website owners to obtain and setup security certificates.
The Let’s Encrypt project is a free and automated security certificate authority which will simplify the process of obtaining a security certificate for websites, the Linux Foundation and the Internet Security Research Group said Thursday. It’s increasingly clear the only way to have reliable security online is to have every website be encrypted, served over Transport Layer Security (TLS), so that people’s information is protected from snoops, the Linux Foundation said. The goal is to make it easier for website owners to apply for and install a security certificate on their domains.
“Encryption should be the default for the web,” Josh Aas, executive director of ISRG, told SecurityWeek. Let’s Encrypt will help “increase TLS usage on the Web,” he said.
Data such as login credentials, financial information, browser cookies, and other types of sensitive or personal information travel from user computers to websites, or across multiple websites. All this information can easily be intercepted by eavesdroppers, but not if the Web application encrypts the information before sending it through the network. “A secure Internet benefits everyone,” Jim Zemlin, executive director at The Linux Foundation, told SecurityWeek.
Let’s Encrypt takes the world a step closer to a time when more websites would use a certificate and TLS would be the default across the Web, rather than the present where most sites do not even have a valid certificate, Aas said. The free and simple process should take no longer than a few minutes to complete.
Currently, it is difficult for website owners to obtain the certificate because the process may be too complicated or too expensive. Owners may also be overwhelmed with different types and not know which one to pick, Aas said. Let’s Encrypt automates the process so that certificates are issued automatically. Let’s Encrypt will also manage the certificate, so that if the certificate is nearing its expiration date, the system will handle renewals. There was no reason renewing a certificate had to remain a manual process. Let’s Encrypt will also handle installation and configuration on supported servers, which will likely handle most major server software, so that there will be no misconfigured certificates deployed on servers, Aas said.
Let’s Encrypt will be issuing Domain Validation certificates since this type of certificate can be automatically issued and managed, Aas said. Other types of certificates cannot be issued or managed automatically. Let’s Encrypt will also be focusing on elliptic curve cryptography—ECC—because it is the most effective at protecting online users today, he said.
Let’s Encrypt will be working closely with major hosting providers to offer TLS to all customers, following a model similar to what CloudFlare currently does for its customers, Aas said. Any CloudFlare customer has access to SSL certificates for their domains, for free. Let’s Encrypt will not be working directly with website owners, but act as the back-end for hosting providers interested in offering free DV certificates to their customers, Aas said. While individual will be able to get a certificate directly from Let’s Encrypt, the bulk of certificates will likely be issued through a major hosting provider.
“While the web has been a part of our lives for decades now, the data shared across networks is still at risk,” Zemlin said in a statement.
The Linux Foundation will host the Internet Security Research Group and Let’s Encrypt as a Linux Foundation Collaborative Project, which are independently funded software projects working on innovative programs which will have wide-ranging benefits and impact across industries, Zemlin said. The sponsor companies include Akamai, Cisco, Electronic Frontier Foundation, and Mozilla as founding Platinum members, IndenTrust as a Gold member, and Automattic (maker of WordPress) as the Silver member.
“By hosting this important encryption project in a neutral forum we can accelerate the work towards a free, automated and easy security certification process that benefits millions of people around the world,” Zemlin said in a statement.
Hosting in this context means the Linux Foundation will take on much of the business aspects of running Let’s Encrypt. The Linux Foundation provides the essential collaborative and organizational framework for projects, such as making sure there is money in the bank, hiring and providing benefits to employees, and even setting up a secure data center, so that members of the project can focus on actually building, Zemlin said.
“The Linux Foundation is in the business of supporting brilliant people working on innovative projects,” Zemlin said, noting hundreds of millions of dollars have been invested across various Collaborative Projects.
In this case, ISRG already has made its own arrangements for Let’s Encrypt infrastructure, Aas said, but was careful to note that ISRG is not dismissing the possibility of someday moving to Linux Foundation’s infrastructure.
“We want to build. We don’t want to have to worry about accounting, who is getting paid. I am not good at any of that, but Linux Foundation is,” Aas said, explaining why the relationship works for ISRG.
Let’s Encrypt is not trying to replace traditional certificate authorities. While the project will focus its efforts on getting free certificates out to website owners in a secure and open way, Aas sees the project as something working alongside CAs to get to a world where everyone is using encryption by default.
“The only reliable strategy for making sure that everyone’s private data and information is protected while in transit over the web is to encrypt everything, Aas in a statement.
Related: Why “Let’s Encrypt” Won’t Make the Internet More Trustworthy
Fahmida Y. Rashid is a Senior Contributing Writer for SecurityWeek. She has experience writing and reviewing security, core Internet infrastructure, open source, networking, and storage. Before setting out her journalism shingle, she spent nine years as a help-desk technician, software and Web application developer, network administrator, and technology consultant.
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XSS, XFS, Open Redirect Vulnerabilities Found on About.com
Posted on February 3, 2015 by Kara Dunlap in Security
About.com, the online resource website visited by tens of millions of users each month, is plagued by several types of potentially dangerous vulnerabilities, a researcher revealed on Monday.
According to Wang Jing, a PhD student at the Nanyang Technological University in Singapore, a large majority of the pages on About.com are vulnerable to cross-site scripting (XSS) and cross-frame scripting (XFS/iFrame injection) attacks.
The expert tested close to 95,000 About.com links with a script he developed and determined that at least 99.88% of them are vulnerable. The search field on the website’s homepage is also plagued by an XSS flaw which, according to Jing, means that all the domains related to about.com are vulnerable to XSS attacks.
In order to exploit XSS vulnerabilities, an attacker needs to convince the victim to click on a specially crafted link. XSS attacks can be used to alter the appearance of a website, access potentially sensitive information, and spy on users.
XFS attacks can be used to steal data from websites accessed by the victim. For the attack to work, a malicious actor must get the user to access a Web page he controls. Such vulnerabilities can also be exploited for distributed denial-of-service (DDoS) attacks, the expert noted.
Jing has also identified open redirect bugs on several About.com pages. The vulnerabilities can be leveraged to trick users into visiting phishing and other malicious websites by presenting them with a link that apparently points to an about.com page.
“The vulnerabilities can be attacked without user login. Tests were performed on Microsoft IE (10.0.9200.16750) of Windows 8, Mozilla Firefox (34.0) & Google Chromium 39.0.2171.65-0 ubuntu0.14.04.1.1064 (64-bit) of Ubuntu (14.04)，Apple Safari 6.1.6 of Mac OS X Lion 10.7,” the researcher said in a blog post.
About.com was notified of the existence of the vulnerabilities back in October 2014, but so far the company hasn’t done anything to address them, the researcher said. About.com hasn’t responded to SecurityWeek’s requests for comment.
Poof-of-concept (PoC) videos for the XSS vulnerability on the About.com homepage and the open redirect flaw have been published by the researcher.
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