Cyber Risk Intelligence: What You Don’t Know is Most Definitely Hurting You
Posted on June 20, 2014 by Kara Dunlap in Security
Growing up, one of my father’s favorite sayings was “luck favors the prepared.”
I must have heard it a thousand times over the years. It was almost always spoken just after some sad scenario where I had failed to stay alert, informed and aware, thus my ending up at a loss. Sometimes a big loss. It was his belief that, if you’re always broadly observant of things that affect your life, good things have a better chance of happening to you. He has always been right.
Nowadays, I find myself applying this lesson to cybersecurity and cyberdefense.
More than just nifty tools and solutions, robust IT budgets, threat intelligence firehoses and rigid security policies, I’m learning over and over again that practical, habitual day-in/day-out awareness is invaluable at helping you avoid becoming a victim of cybercrime – and lessening the impact when cybercrime inevitably happens to you and your organization.
Cybercrime is all around us.
One day it may become second nature to stay constantly informed about cyber risks facing us and our businesses. We’re certainly not there yet. Sooner or later, we may all need to get used to the idea of constantly consuming data about our risks and vulnerabilities in order to act safer. It’s likely sooner rather than later. To really accomplish this type of awareness, though, takes the right levels of information. Not just data. In fact, we’re all awash in data. But more on that later.
What we need is high-quality cybercrime information that’s comprehensive, yet also focused and simple to digest. Information that’s current, consistent, intuitive, continuous and, most importantly, easy to draw conclusions from that have meaning specific to you, your business and the decisions you face. It’s what I call “complete context.”
And there’s more.
To truly benefit from this sort of information takes more than just the info itself. Just as my father also told me, it takes focus, effort and commitment. Every day. Something he just called “hard work.”
Current Data + Contextually-Relevant Info + Continuous Awareness + Hard Work = Practical Solutions
Of course, the familiar modern-day version of my father’s favorite is “Chance favors a prepared mind” said by Louis Pasteur, French microbiologist, father of Pasteurization, and father of the Germ Theory of Disease. For Pasteur, the saying meant that, by staying diligently informed of all things surrounding your problem space, you’ll more quicker see solutions for tough problems.
For years and years he labored at the microscope, observing, collecting data and analyzing. But it was his devotion to basic research on more than just the problem itself – and the quick delivery of practical applications based on what he learned – that led him to his biggest breakthroughs against unseen and deadly illnesses. Eventually, thanks to Pasteur’s way of working, we developed critical medicines such as antibiotics.
Studying a problem from every angle and every level always leads to more practical solutions and quicker (re)action.
Although Pasteur labored in the medical and biological fields, his work was in many ways analogous to modern cybersecurity. Today, scientists and researchers battle similar unseen forces, all around us, making us sick in various ways. Our networks and computers and mobile devices are constantly exposed to harmful pathogens and viruses. And, with the Target breach and things like Heartbleed, real people now know these things are fatal in their own way.
But in today’s world, we seem to have gone off track a bit in trying to cure our cyber ills.
In perhaps what was much the same as in Pasteur’s day, many smart people today labor to observe, collect data and draw conclusions. However, most of them, unlike Pasteur, are not able arrive at real practical breakthroughs that change the world.
Why is this the case?
For me, it’s mostly a simple answer:
We focus so much on looking down the barrel of individual microscopes, we get lost in all the low-level noise that’s far too focused on only a few dimensions of the problem.
Let me use Pasteur again to explain more simply.
Had Pasteur only observed the smallest bits floating around under his glass, he would’ve likely not been remembered in history. Instead, Pasteur gathered data about sick people, who they were, where they lived, how old they were, what gender, what symptoms they had, what prior illnesses they had been subject to, what their jobs were and what they had in common.
He observed animals, how they behaved, how long it took for them to become sick when they did, what they ate, where they lived and more. He even observed how rotting meat behaved, how it decomposed, how it compared to other plant and animal matter and on and on. He focused on all sides of the issue; the causes, the victims and, of course, their symptoms. Pasteur observed every facet of his problem set from high level to low, and turned basic data collection – from many dimensions at once and from all angles – into information he could use to draw practical conclusions.
Put simply, Pasteur had complete context by performing “intelligence gathering.” But, by focusing on more that just the threat itself, Pasteur was one of the first practitioners of risk analysis, or risk intelligence. It’s something we’ve only just begun to really apply to cyberdefense.
Continuous awareness of our own cyber risks compared to what’s possible and what’s happening around us right now is one of the missing pieces in current cyberdefense practices.
Today, we spend most of our cybersecurity efforts and dollars gathering massive amounts of data from millions of “microscoped” sources, but we rarely change perspectives or levels. We want to know what’s threatening us, but can’t seem to understand the picture is much bigger. Too rarely do we push back from the lenses trained only on data sets inside our specific organizations to pick our heads up and look around.
I like to call it “cyber navel gazing.”
You see, outside the microscope, there’s just so much other useful data – mostly not being stored and analyzed – that can be turned into helpful information, then into practical solutions.
Yet, we continuously employ 10s of 1000s of myriad tools, solutions and applications that comb through huge bins of raw packet data and endless streams of netflow and long-term signature repositories and terabytes of log files and interface dumps and more.
In fact, it’s as if all we do is peer through the scopes at our own micro worlds and draw conclusions that themselves lead to other tools begetting other massive piles of micro data.
Are these things all bad? Of course not. And they’re all part of fighting the fight against cyber disease. But in all of this we miss out on the bigger picture. Rarely do we store data, day in and day out, on what we’re getting hit with, how threats are occurring and what’s happening as a result. Neither are we matching that up to what our specific, individual symptoms are, who we are as targets, where we’re from, what types of companies we are, who our customers are, what technologies we’re using and on and on.
What would Pasteur say to us now if he were brought in to consult on our cyber sickness?
He’d probably just say, “Luck favors the prepared.” Then he’d tell us to start over. From the top this time.
Jason Polancich founder and Chief Architect at SurfWatch Labs. He is a serial entrepreneur focused on solving complex internet security and cyber-defense problems. Prior to founding SurfWatch Labs, Mr. Polancich co-founded Novii Design which was sold to Six3 Systems in 2010. In addition to completing numerous professional engineering and certification programs through the National Cryptologic School, Polancich is a graduate of the University of Alabama, with degrees in English, Political Science and Russian. He is a distinguished graduate of the Defense Language Institute (Arabic) and has completed foreign study programs through Boston University in St. Petersburg, Russia.
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Mobile Ad Libraries Put Enterprise Data at Risk, Firm Says
Posted on June 4, 2014 by Kara Dunlap in Security
Mojave Networks Introduces Mobile Application Reputation Feature
Mojave Networks has added a new feature to the company’s professional and enterprise services in an effort to help organizations minimize the risks posed by the mobile applications used by their employees.
According to the company, organizations can use the new feature to discover potential risks by analyzing data collected and transmitted from mobile apps, and create policies for data loss prevention based on the information.
The new mobile application reputation offering, which is available immediately, includes features like customizable analytics, categorization of apps by risk level, application tracking, and integration with device management and network security solutions.
“The ‘bring your own device’ (BYOD) trend is transitioning to ‘bring your own applications’ (BYOA) as users download more and more apps to share data, increase productivity and stay connected,” noted Garrett Larsson, CEO and co-founder of Mojave Networks.
“If any application running on a mobile device connected to the network is insecure, it can put highly sensitive corporate data at risk. Our new application reputation feature can help enterprises improve their mobile security posture by eliminating the risk of insecure applications.”
The company analyzes over 2,000 mobile apps every day by tracking 200 individual risk factors in 15 different categories. In addition to static and dynamic analysis, Mojave Networks said that it uses data from real-world usage of the tested applications to determine if an application is safe.
One risk that’s particularly problematic for enterprises is when private data is collected and sent to remote Web APIs, the company warned.
“Some of the most significant risk factors affecting corporate employees and individual mobile users, such as data loss and PII collection, occur not by the application itself, but within mobile advertising libraries and other library components such as social media or analytic tools,” Ryan Smith, Mojave’s lead threat engineer, explained in a blog post.
Based on the analysis of more than 11 million URLs to which mobile apps connect to, Mojave Threat Labs determined that business users connect to at least as many data-gathering libraries as consumers. During its analysis, the company found that 65% of applications downloaded by business users connect to an advertising network, and 40% of them connect to a social network API.
“It is critically important that users and IT Administrators understand what data is being collected from their devices, where it is being sent, and how it is being used. Given that the majority of the sensitive data being collected occurs within these third party libraries such as ad networks, social media APIs, and analytics tools, it is therefore important to fully understand each of the libraries included in your mobile apps,” Smith noted.
Founded in San Mateo, CA in 2011, Mojave Networks raised a $ 5 million round of funding in November 2013, in addition to launching a cloud-based, enterprise-grade solution that protects mobile devices starting at the network level.
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